Thursday, May 21, 2009

How to Deserve a State

Emmanuel Navon

www.navon.com

I remember having to write an essay in College on the question: "Is every nation entitled to a state?" If I had to rewrite the essay today, my answer would be: "Well, the world doesn't seem to think so."

The Tamils of Sri Lanka, for example, are not entitled to a state according to the world's media and leaders. The Tamils have a recorded history going back to two millennia, and their literature is the oldest among Dravidian languages. Tamils have been referred to as the last surviving classical civilization on Earth. The Pallava script, a variant of Southern Brahmi used by the Tamil Pallava dynasty, was the basis of several of the writing systems of Southeast Asia, including the Burmese, Khmer, Thai, Lao and Javanese scripts. Since 1983, the Tamils of Sri Lanka have been fighting for their independence, demanding that the "two-state solution" be applied to Sri Lanka. This week, the Sri Lankan government crushed the Tamils' armed forces and killed their leader. About 20,000 Tamil soldiers and 8,000 civilians have been killed in the fighting since the beginning of the year. There are hundred of thousands Tamil refugees in camps. The suffering and living conditions in those camps are worse than in Congo or in Sudan. There are only a few hundred Tamil fighters alive, and Sri Lanka's President has declared that he is determined "to finish this damn thing off soon."

Iran congratulated the Sri Lankan government for "successfully defeating Tamil terrorism." India asked to address the "root causes of the conflict in Sri Lanka." UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said that "the legitimate concerns and aspirations of the Tamil people … must be fully addressed." The United States declared that "now is the time for the government [of Sri Lanka] to engage the Tamils… to create a political arrangement that promotes and protects the rights of all Sri Lankans." The EU called upon "the President of Sri Lanka to outline a clear process leading to a fully inclusive political solution, based on consent, equality and the rule of law". For some reason, addressing the root causes of the conflict and protecting the rights of the Tamils does not include statehood.

So the Tamils are not entitled to their own state, it seems, just like the occupied peoples of Tibet, Kurdistan, Cyprus, Western Sahara, and Kashmir.

When it comes to the Palestinians, however, the right to statehood is axiomatic. The Pope was very vocal on that last week during his visit to Israel. He even declared that the Palestinians are entitled to establish a state in "the land of their ancestors" (who the hell are those "ancestors" still boggles my mind). President Obama repeated during his meeting with Israel's Prime Minister this week that establishing a Palestinian state is a central objective of his Middle East policy.

The state envisioned by President Obama, however, is not the one envisioned by the Palestinians. For a start, it would be demilitarized. Sure. Seeing how successful Israel and the international community have been at keeping Gaza "demilitarized," Mr. Obama's vision doesn't even pass the laughing test. But the real problem is that the Palestinians are not giving up and will not give up on the so-called "right of return." The Palestinians talk simultaneously of the "two-state solution" and of the "right of return." This is an oxymoron. Accepting the Palestinian definition of the "right of return" would turn Israel into a bi-national state with an Arab majority. It is incompatible with the "two-state solution."

If President Obama wants to improve the chances of bridging the gap between Israel and the Palestinians, he should make it clear that the latter have to choose between the "right of return" and the "two-state solution." Otherwise, it would mean that the Palestinians are entitled to statehood while denying the Jews' right to their own nation-state, while the Tibetans and the Kurds, who do not deny the national rights of their foes, do not deserve a state of their own. In other words, that the criterion for deserving a state is the denying of other people's rights.

If I had written in my essay in College that only nations that deny the national rights of their foes are entitled to a state, my teacher would have thought I was nuts –and rightly so. To which I could reply today: So is the world, apparently.

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